CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (IF SENTENCES)

I. Conditional Sentences (If Sentences): Type 1
Ex: If I finish my homework, I will go to the concert
(= I will go to the concert if I finish my homework.)
* If clause: If I finish my homework,
* Main clause: I will go to the concert
1. Form
If + S + V1….., S + will + Vo……..
2. Use
Diễn tả một điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
II. Conditional Sentences (If Sentences): Type 2
1. Form
If + S + V2/ed…..., S + would/could + Vo……
(be ( were)
2. Use
Diễn tả một điều kiện không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại.
Ex: - If he had much time, he would help you.
(He doesn’t have much time now)
- If I were in your position, I could do that.
(I am not in your position now)
III. Conditional Sentences (If Sentences): Type 3
1. Form
If + S + had + V3/ed….., S + would/could + have + V3/ed…..
2. Use
Diễn tả một điều kiện không thể xảy ra trong quá khứ.
Ex: If we had studied hard last year, we would have got good marks.
(We didn’t study hard last year and we didn’t get good marks)
* Summary:
Type
If clauses
Main clauses

1
If + S + V1…..,
S + will + Vo……

2
If + S + V2/ed…..,
(be ( were)
S + would/could + Vo……

3
If + S + had + V3/ed…..,
S + would/could + have + V3/ed….


IV. Notes
1. Unless: “If … not” có thể được thay bằng “UNLESS” (trừ phi):
Ex: - We will be late if we don’t hurry.
( We will be late unless we hurry.
- If I have time, I’ll help you.
( Unless I have time, I won’t help you.
2. Inversion: Bỏ IF trong 3 loại câu điều kiện (phải có đảo ngữ với SHOULD/WERE/HAD):
Ex: - If it should be necessary, I will go.
( Should it be necessary, I will go.
Ex: - If I were rich, I would buy a new car.
( Were I rich, I would buy a new car.
Ex: - If you had asked me, I would have told you the answer.
( Had you asked me, I would have told you the answer.
3. Một số từ/cụm từ có thể thay cho IF với nghĩa tương đương: provided that; so(as) long as (miễn là); in case (trong trường hợp); on condition that (với điều kiện)
Ex: You can borrow my book provided that you bring it back.
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EXERCISES (IF SENTENCES)
I/ Delete the incorrect verb form.
1. I’ll send/ send you some information if you’ll tell/ tell me your address.
2. If Kate will be/ is late again, she’ll lose/ loses her job.
3. You’ll be/ are sick if you’ll eat/ eat all that ice-cream.
4. There won’t be/ isn’t enough room if everyone will come/ comes.
5. If we’ll go/ go out tomorrow evening, we’ll miss/ miss that new programme on TV.
II/ Put the verbs in parentheses in the correct form to complete the sentences or exchanges.
1. A: My mother always spends his money on expensive things.
B: If he ______________ (be) practical, he _______________ (can save) some money.
2. A: Conservation programs have been introduced by most governments to prevent reckless waste of land.
B: If there _______________ (not be) proper control by the governments, the earth ______________ (be) greatly damaged now.
3. A: Last month, we paid a massive electricity bill.
B: If you ________________ (not waste) so much electricity, the bill _____________ (not be ) so large.
4. If Mr. Brown ________________ (save) some money when he was young, he ______________ (not be) so poor.
5. A: The invitation says six o’clock.
B: Well, it’s six thirty now.
A: If we _______________ (start) earlier, we ______________ (not be) so late now.
III/ Complete